English
In the various pump systems of ships, the reciprocating pump in ship, as an important type of positive displacement pump, is widely used in multiple fields of ships. Its main function is to achieve the process of suction and discharge of liquids through the reciprocating motion of pistons or plungers in the pump cylinder, thereby ensuring the stable operation of ship systems. The following details the working principle, characteristics, and applications of reciprocating pump in ship.
The reciprocating pump in ship performs the suction and discharge of liquid through the reciprocating motion of pistons or plungers. The specific process is as follows:
Suction process: When the piston moves to the right, the discharge valve closes, the suction valve opens, and the liquid begins to be sucked in.
Discharge process: When the piston reaches the right endpoint, the suction process ends; then, the piston moves from the right endpoint to the left, the suction valve closes, the discharge valve opens, and the liquid begins to be discharged.
This pump operates alternately, completing only one suction and discharge process for each reciprocating stroke, hence it is called a single-acting pump. However, due to the unequal and intermittent flow, the flow rate of the reciprocating pump in ship may be unstable. Therefore, many reciprocating pump in ship adopt a double-acting pump design, with two working spaces in one pump cylinder. Each space has an independent suction valve and discharge valve. In this way, the piston can complete two suction and discharge actions in one reciprocating stroke, resulting in more uniform flow.
Based on the double-acting pump, there are more advanced designs such as triple-acting pumps and dual-cylinder four-acting pumps, which can further improve flow and efficiency to meet the needs of different ship operations.
Strong self-priming ability: Due to the special structure of the reciprocating pump in ship, it can self-prime without external attraction, ensuring the stable operation of the ship's pump system.
High-pressure capability: The reciprocating pump in ship can generate a high head, making it particularly suitable for systems that require high pressure output.
Flow rate independent of discharge head: Regardless of the pressure changes in the system, the theoretical flow rate of the reciprocating pump in ship is almost unaffected, ensuring stable liquid delivery.
Uneven flow rate: Due to the intermittent working process of the reciprocating pump in ship, its flow output exhibits fluctuations. Increasing the number of actions can improve this issue.
Low rotation speed: To ensure smooth operation, the reciprocating pump in ship usually runs at a low speed, avoiding damage to the pump body caused by excessively high speeds.
Many wearing parts: The structure of the reciprocating pump in ship is relatively complex. Especially when handling liquids containing solid impurities, the pump valves and pump body may wear out, so filters are often configured at the suction port to prevent impurities from damaging the pump body.
Reciprocating pump in ship are commonly used in several important systems on ships, such as ballast water systems, bilge water discharge systems, and oily water separation systems. These pumps are indispensable equipment in many ship operations due to their high efficiency and stability.
Ballast water system: Reciprocating pump in ship can effectively control the flow of ballast water, ensuring the balance and stability of the ship, thereby improving navigation safety.
Bilge pumps: Used to discharge bilge water, maintaining the normal navigation of the ship.
Oily water separation system: Reciprocating pump in ship can help transport oil-water mixtures, separating oil and water in the system, ensuring the purity of ship fuel and other liquids.
In summary, the reciprocating pump in ship, as an important marine pump, plays a key role in the daily operation of ships. Its efficiency and reliability provide strong support for the normal operation of ships. Through proper selection and careful maintenance, reciprocating pump in ship can provide stable liquid delivery under various complex working environments, ensuring the smooth operation of various ship systems.
